fix(safety): overfill must keep pumps running, not shut them down

Two hard rules for the safety controller, matching sewer PS design:

1. BELOW stopLevel (dry-run): pumps CANNOT start.
   All downstream equipment shut down. safetyControllerActive=true
   blocks _controlLogic so level control can't restart pumps.
   Only manual override or emergency can change this.

2. ABOVE overflow level (overfill): pumps CANNOT stop.
   Only UPSTREAM equipment is shut down (stop more water coming in).
   Machine groups (downstream pumps) are NOT shut down — they must
   keep draining. safetyControllerActive is NOT set, so _controlLogic
   continues commanding pumps at the demand dictated by the level
   curve (which is >100% near overflow = all pumps at maximum).
   Only manual override or emergency stop can shut pumps during
   an overfill event.

Previously the overfill branch called turnOffAllMachines() on machine
groups AND set safetyControllerActive=true, which shut down the pumps
and blocked level control from restarting them — exactly backwards
for a sewer pumping station where the sewage keeps coming.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

CLAUDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# pumpingStation — Claude Code context
+
+Wet-well basin model and pump orchestration.
+Part of the [EVOLV](https://gitea.wbd-rd.nl/RnD/EVOLV) wastewater-automation platform.
+
+## S88 classification
+
+| Level | Colour | Placement lane |
+|---|---|---|
+| **Process Cell** | `#0c99d9` | L5 |
+
+## Flow layout rules
+
+When wiring this node into a multi-node demo or production flow, follow the
+placement rule set in the **EVOLV superproject**:
+
+> `.claude/rules/node-red-flow-layout.md` (in the EVOLV repo root)
+
+Key points for this node:
+- Place on lane **L5** (x-position per the lane table in the rule).
+- Stack same-level siblings vertically.
+- Parent/children sit on adjacent lanes (children one lane left, parent one lane right).
+- Wrap in a Node-RED group box coloured `#0c99d9` (Process Cell).

pumpingStation.html

@@ -24,6 +24,14 @@
       heightInlet:    { value: 0.8 }, // m, centre of inlet pipe above floor
       heightOutlet:   { value: 0.2 }, // m, centre of outlet pipe above floor
       heightOverflow: { value: 0.9 }, // m, overflow elevation
+      timeleftToFullOrEmptyThresholdSeconds:{value:0}, // time threshold to safeguard starting or stopping pumps in seconds
+      enableDryRunProtection: { value: true },
+      enableOverfillProtection: { value: true },
+      dryRunThresholdPercent: { value: 2 },
+      overfillThresholdPercent: { value: 98 },
+      minHeightBasedOn: { value: "outlet" }, // basis for minimum height check: inlet or outlet
+      processOutputFormat: { value: "process" },
+      dbaseOutputFormat: { value: "influxdb" },
 
       // Advanced reference information
       refHeight:      { value: "NAP" }, // reference height
@@ -47,7 +55,16 @@
       hasDistance: { value: false },
       distance: { value: 0 },
       distanceUnit: { value: "m" },
-      distanceDescription: { value: "" }
+      distanceDescription: { value: "" },
+
+      // control strategy
+      controlMode: { value: "none" },
+      startLevel: { value: null },
+      stopLevel: { value: null },
+      minFlowLevel: { value: null },
+      maxFlowLevel: { value: null },
+      flowSetpoint: { value: null },
+      flowDeadband: { value: null }
 
     },
 
@@ -86,6 +103,68 @@
         refHeightEl.value = this.refHeight || "NAP";
       }
 
+      const minHeightBasedOnEl = document.getElementById("node-input-minHeightBasedOn");
+      if (minHeightBasedOnEl) {
+        minHeightBasedOnEl.value = this.minHeightBasedOn;
+      }
+
+      const dryRunToggle = document.getElementById("node-input-enableDryRunProtection");
+      const dryRunPercent = document.getElementById("node-input-dryRunThresholdPercent");
+      const overfillToggle = document.getElementById("node-input-enableOverfillProtection");
+      const overfillPercent = document.getElementById("node-input-overfillThresholdPercent");
+
+      const toggleInput = (toggleEl, inputEl) => {
+        if (!toggleEl || !inputEl) { return; }
+        inputEl.disabled = !toggleEl.checked;
+        inputEl.parentElement.classList.toggle('disabled', inputEl.disabled);
+      };
+
+      if (dryRunToggle && dryRunPercent) {
+        dryRunToggle.checked = !!this.enableDryRunProtection;
+        dryRunPercent.value = Number.isFinite(this.dryRunThresholdPercent) ? this.dryRunThresholdPercent : 2;
+        dryRunToggle.addEventListener('change', () => toggleInput(dryRunToggle, dryRunPercent));
+        toggleInput(dryRunToggle, dryRunPercent);
+      }
+
+      if (overfillToggle && overfillPercent) {
+        overfillToggle.checked = !!this.enableOverfillProtection;
+        overfillPercent.value = Number.isFinite(this.overfillThresholdPercent) ? this.overfillThresholdPercent : 98;
+        overfillToggle.addEventListener('change', () => toggleInput(overfillToggle, overfillPercent));
+        toggleInput(overfillToggle, overfillPercent);
+      }
+
+      const timeLeftInput = document.getElementById("node-input-timeleftToFullOrEmptyThresholdSeconds");
+      if (timeLeftInput) {
+        timeLeftInput.value = Number.isFinite(this.timeleftToFullOrEmptyThresholdSeconds)
+          ? this.timeleftToFullOrEmptyThresholdSeconds
+          : 0;
+      }
+
+      // control mode toggle UI
+      const toggleModeSections = (val) => {
+        document.querySelectorAll('.ps-mode-section').forEach((el) => el.style.display = 'none');
+        const active = document.getElementById(`ps-mode-${val}`);
+        if (active) active.style.display = '';
+      };
+
+      const modeSelect = document.getElementById('node-input-controlMode');
+      if (modeSelect) {
+        modeSelect.value = this.controlMode || 'none';
+        toggleModeSections(modeSelect.value);
+        modeSelect.addEventListener('change', (e) => toggleModeSections(e.target.value));
+      }
+
+      const setNumberField = (id, val) => {
+        const el = document.getElementById(id);
+        if (el) el.value = Number.isFinite(val) ? val : '';
+      };
+
+      setNumberField('node-input-startLevel', this.startLevel);
+      setNumberField('node-input-stopLevel', this.stopLevel);
+      setNumberField('node-input-minFlowLevel', this.minFlowLevel);
+      setNumberField('node-input-maxFlowLevel', this.maxFlowLevel);
+      setNumberField('node-input-flowSetpoint', this.flowSetpoint);
+      setNumberField('node-input-flowDeadband', this.flowDeadband);
 
         //------------------- END OF CUSTOM config UI ELEMENTS ------------------- //
     },
@@ -98,14 +177,29 @@
 
       //node specific
       node.refHeight = document.getElementById("node-input-refHeight").value || "NAP";
+      node.minHeightBasedOn = document.getElementById("node-input-minHeightBasedOn").value || "outlet";
       node.simulator = document.getElementById("node-input-simulator").checked;
 
-      ["basinVolume","basinHeight","heightInlet","heightOutlet","heightOverflow","basinBottomRef"]
+      ["basinVolume","basinHeight","heightInlet","heightOutlet","heightOverflow","basinBottomRef","timeleftToFullOrEmptyThresholdSeconds","dryRunThresholdPercent","overfillThresholdPercent"]
         .forEach(field => {
           node[field] = parseFloat(document.getElementById(`node-input-${field}`).value) || 0;
         });
 
       node.refHeight = document.getElementById("node-input-refHeight").value || "";
+      node.enableDryRunProtection = document.getElementById("node-input-enableDryRunProtection").checked;
+      node.enableOverfillProtection = document.getElementById("node-input-enableOverfillProtection").checked;
+
+      // control strategy
+      node.controlMode = document.getElementById('node-input-controlMode').value || 'none';
+
+      const parseNum = (id) => parseFloat(document.getElementById(id)?.value);
+      node.startLevel = parseNum('node-input-startLevel');
+      node.stopLevel = parseNum('node-input-stopLevel');
+      node.minFlowLevel = parseNum('node-input-minFlowLevel');
+      node.maxFlowLevel = parseNum('node-input-maxFlowLevel');
+      node.flowSetpoint = parseNum('node-input-flowSetpoint');
+      node.flowDeadband = parseNum('node-input-flowDeadband');
+
     },
 
   });
@@ -115,7 +209,7 @@
 
 <script type="text/html" data-template-name="pumpingStation">
 
-  <!-- Simulator toggle -->
+  <h4>Simulation</h4>
   <div class="form-row">
     <label for="node-input-simulator"><i class="fa fa-play-circle"></i> Simulator</label>
     <input type="checkbox" id="node-input-simulator" style="width:20px;vertical-align:baseline;" />
@@ -124,7 +218,7 @@
 
   <hr>
   
-  <!-- Basin geometry -->
+  <h4>Basin Geometry</h4>
   <div class="form-row">
     <label for="node-input-basinVolume"><i class="fa fa-cube"></i> Basin Volume (m³)</label>
     <input type="number" id="node-input-basinVolume" min="0" step="0.1" />
@@ -150,7 +244,58 @@
 
   <hr>
 
+  <h4>Control Strategy</h4>
+  <div class="form-row">
+    <label for="node-input-controlMode"><i class="fa fa-sliders"></i> Control mode</label>
+    <select id="node-input-controlMode">
+      <option value="none">None / Manual</option>
+      <option value="levelbased">Level-based</option>
+      <option value="flowbased">Flow-based</option>
+    </select>
+  </div>
+
+  <div id="ps-mode-levelbased" class="ps-mode-section">
+    <div class="form-row">
+      <label for="node-input-startLevel">startLevel</label>
+      <input type="number" id="node-input-startLevel" placeholder="m" />
+    </div>
+    <div class="form-row">
+      <label for="node-input-stopLevel">stopLevel</label>
+      <input type="number" id="node-input-stopLevel" placeholder="m" />
+    </div>
+      <div class="form-row">
+      <label for="node-input-minFlowLevel">Min flow (m)</label>
+      <input type="number" id="node-input-minFlowLevel" placeholder="m" />
+    </div>
+    <div class="form-row">
+      <label for="node-input-maxFlowLevel">Max flow (m)</label>
+      <input type="number" id="node-input-maxFlowLevel" placeholder="m" />
+    </div>
+  </div>
+
+  <div id="ps-mode-flowbased" class="ps-mode-section" style="display:none">
+    <div class="form-row">
+      <label for="node-input-flowSetpoint">Flow setpoint</label>
+      <input type="number" id="node-input-flowSetpoint" placeholder="m3/h" />
+    </div>
+    <div class="form-row">
+      <label for="node-input-flowDeadband">Deadband</label>
+      <input type="number" id="node-input-flowDeadband" placeholder="m3/h" />
+    </div>
+  </div>
+
+  <hr>
+
+  <h4>Reference</h4>
+
   <!-- Reference data -->
+  <div class="form-row">
+    <label for="node-input-minHeightBasedOn"><i class="fa fa-arrows-v"></i> Minimum Height Based On</label>
+    <select id="node-input-minHeightBasedOn" style="width:60%;">
+      <option value="inlet">Inlet Elevation</option>
+      <option value="outlet">Outlet Elevation</option>
+    </select>
+  </div>
   <div class="form-row">
     <label for="node-input-refHeight"><i class="fa fa-map-marker"></i> Reference height</label>
     <select id="node-input-refHeight" style="width:60%;">
@@ -163,6 +308,59 @@
     <input type="number" id="node-input-basinBottomRef" step="0.01" />
   </div>
 
+  <hr>
+
+  <h4>Safety</h4>
+
+  <!-- Safety settings -->
+  <div class="form-row">
+    <label for="node-input-timeleftToFullOrEmptyThresholdSeconds"><i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i> Time To Empty/Full (s)</label>
+    <input type="number" id="node-input-timeleftToFullOrEmptyThresholdSeconds" min="0" step="1" />
+  </div>
+
+  <div class="form-row">
+    <label for="node-input-enableDryRunProtection">
+      <i class="fa fa-shield"></i> Dry-run Protection
+    </label>
+    <input type="checkbox" id="node-input-enableDryRunProtection" style="width:20px;vertical-align:baseline;" />
+    <span>Prevent pumps from running on low volume</span>
+  </div>
+  <div class="form-row">
+    <label for="node-input-dryRunThresholdPercent" style="padding-left:20px;">Low Volume Threshold (%)</label>
+    <input type="number" id="node-input-dryRunThresholdPercent" min="0" max="100" step="0.1" />
+  </div>
+
+  <div class="form-row">
+    <label for="node-input-enableOverfillProtection">
+      <i class="fa fa-exclamation-triangle"></i> Overfill Protection
+    </label>
+    <input type="checkbox" id="node-input-enableOverfillProtection" style="width:20px;vertical-align:baseline;" />
+    <span>Stop filling when approaching overflow</span>
+  </div>
+  <div class="form-row">
+    <label for="node-input-overfillThresholdPercent" style="padding-left:20px;">High Volume Threshold (%)</label>
+    <input type="number" id="node-input-overfillThresholdPercent" min="0" max="100" step="0.1" />
+  </div>
+  <hr>
+
+  <h3>Output Formats</h3>
+  <div class="form-row">
+    <label for="node-input-processOutputFormat"><i class="fa fa-random"></i> Process Output</label>
+    <select id="node-input-processOutputFormat" style="width:60%;">
+      <option value="process">process</option>
+      <option value="json">json</option>
+      <option value="csv">csv</option>
+    </select>
+  </div>
+  <div class="form-row">
+    <label for="node-input-dbaseOutputFormat"><i class="fa fa-database"></i> Database Output</label>
+    <select id="node-input-dbaseOutputFormat" style="width:60%;">
+      <option value="influxdb">influxdb</option>
+      <option value="json">json</option>
+      <option value="csv">csv</option>
+    </select>
+  </div>
+
   <!-- Shared asset/logger/position menus -->
   <div id="asset-fields-placeholder"></div>
   <div id="logger-fields-placeholder"></div>

src/nodeClass.js

@@ -39,35 +39,37 @@ class nodeClass {
     const cfgMgr = new configManager();
     this.defaultConfig = cfgMgr.getConfig(this.name);
 
-    // Merge UI config over defaults
+    // Build config: base sections + pumpingStation-specific domain config
-    this.config = {
+    this.config = cfgMgr.buildConfig(this.name, uiConfig, node.id, {
-      general: {
+      basin: {
-        name: this.name,
-        id: node.id, // node.id is for the child registration process
-        unit: uiConfig.unit, // add converter options later to convert to default units (need like a model that defines this which units we are going to use and then conver to those standards)
-        logging: {
-          enabled: uiConfig.enableLog,
-          logLevel: uiConfig.logLevel
-        }
-      },
-      functionality: {
-        positionVsParent: uiConfig.positionVsParent,// Default to 'atEquipment' if not specified
-        distance: uiConfig.hasDistance ? uiConfig.distance : undefined
-      },
-      basin:{
         volume: uiConfig.basinVolume,
         height: uiConfig.basinHeight,
         heightInlet: uiConfig.heightInlet,
         heightOutlet: uiConfig.heightOutlet,
         heightOverflow: uiConfig.heightOverflow,
       },
-      hydraulics:{
+      hydraulics: {
         refHeight: uiConfig.refHeight,
+        minHeightBasedOn: uiConfig.minHeightBasedOn,
         basinBottomRef: uiConfig.basinBottomRef,
+      },
+      control:{
+        mode: uiConfig.controlMode,
+        levelbased:{
+          startLevel:uiConfig.startLevel,
+          stopLevel:uiConfig.stopLevel,
+          minFlowLevel:uiConfig.minFlowLevel,
+          maxFlowLevel:uiConfig.maxFlowLevel
         }
-    };
+      },
-
+      safety:{
-    console.log(`position vs child for ${this.name} is ${this.config.functionality.positionVsParent} the distance is ${this.config.functionality.distance}`);
+        enableDryRunProtection: uiConfig.enableDryRunProtection,
+        dryRunThresholdPercent: uiConfig.dryRunThresholdPercent,
+        enableOverfillProtection: uiConfig.enableOverfillProtection,
+        overfillThresholdPercent: uiConfig.overfillThresholdPercent,
+        timeleftToFullOrEmptyThresholdSeconds: uiConfig.timeleftToFullOrEmptyThresholdSeconds
+      }
+    });
 
     // Utility for formatting outputs
     this._output = new outputUtils();
@@ -191,28 +193,56 @@ class nodeClass {
     this.node.on('input', (msg, send, done) => {
       switch (msg.topic) {
         //example
-        /*case 'simulator':
+        case 'changemode':
-          this.source.toggleSimulation();      
+          this.source.changeMode(msg.payload);
           break;
-        default:
+        case 'registerChild': {
-          this.source.handleInput(msg);
-          break;
-          */
-        case 'registerChild':
           // Register this node as a child of the parent node
           const childId = msg.payload;
           const childObj = this.RED.nodes.getNode(childId);
-          this.source.childRegistrationUtils.registerChild(childObj.source ,msg.positionVsParent);
+          this.source.childRegistrationUtils.registerChild(childObj.source, msg.positionVsParent);
           break;
-        case 'calibratePredictedVolume':
+        }
-          const calibratedVolume = this.source.measurements
+        case 'calibratePredictedVolume': {
-            .type('volume')
+          const injectedVol = parseFloat(msg.payload);
-            .variant('measured')
+          this.source.calibratePredictedVolume(injectedVol);
-            .position('atequipment')
-            .getCurrentValue('m3');
-          this.source.calibratePredictedVolume(calibratedVolume);
           break;
         }
+        case 'calibratePredictedLevel': {
+          const injectedLevel = parseFloat(msg.payload);
+          this.source.calibratePredictedLevel(injectedLevel);
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'q_in': {
+          // payload can be number or { value, unit, timestamp }
+          const val = Number(msg.payload);
+          const unit = msg?.unit;
+          const ts = msg?.timestamp || Date.now();
+          this.source.setManualInflow(val, ts, unit);
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'Qd': {
+          // Manual demand: operator sets the target output via a
+          // dashboard slider. Only accepted when PS is in 'manual'
+          // mode — mirrors how rotatingMachine gates commands by
+          // mode (virtualControl vs auto).
+          const demand = Number(msg.payload);
+          if (!Number.isFinite(demand)) {
+            this.source.logger.warn(`Invalid Qd value: ${msg.payload}`);
+            break;
+          }
+          if (this.source.mode === 'manual') {
+            this.source.forwardDemandToChildren(demand).catch((err) =>
+              this.source.logger.error(`Failed to forward demand: ${err.message}`)
+            );
+          } else {
+            this.source.logger.debug(
+              `Qd ignored in ${this.source.mode} mode. Switch to manual to use the demand slider.`
+            );
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+      }
       done();
     });
   }

test/specificClass.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+/**
+ * Tests for pumpingStation specificClass (domain logic).
+ *
+ * The pumpingStation class manages a basin (wet well):
+ *  - initBasinProperties: derives surface area, volumes from config
+ *  - _calcVolumeFromLevel / _calcLevelFromVolume: linear geometry
+ *  - _calcDirection: filling / draining / stable from flow diff
+ *  - _callMeasurementHandler: dispatches to type-specific handlers
+ *  - getOutput: builds an output snapshot
+ */
+
+const PumpingStation = require('../src/specificClass');
+
+// --------------- helpers ---------------
+
+function makeConfig(overrides = {}) {
+  const base = {
+    general: {
+      name: 'TestStation',
+      id: 'ps-test-1',
+      unit: 'm3/h',
+      logging: { enabled: false, logLevel: 'error' },
+    },
+    functionality: {
+      softwareType: 'pumpingStation',
+      role: 'stationcontroller',
+      positionVsParent: 'atEquipment',
+    },
+    basin: {
+      volume: 50,       // m3  (empty basin volume)
+      height: 5,        // m
+      heightInlet: 0.3,  // m
+      heightOutlet: 0.2, // m
+      heightOverflow: 4.0, // m
+    },
+    hydraulics: {
+      refHeight: 'NAP',
+      basinBottomRef: 0,
+    },
+  };
+
+  for (const key of Object.keys(overrides)) {
+    if (typeof overrides[key] === 'object' && !Array.isArray(overrides[key]) && base[key]) {
+      base[key] = { ...base[key], ...overrides[key] };
+    } else {
+      base[key] = overrides[key];
+    }
+  }
+  return base;
+}
+
+// --------------- tests ---------------
+
+describe('pumpingStation specificClass', () => {
+
+  describe('constructor / initialization', () => {
+    it('should create an instance with the given config', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      expect(ps).toBeDefined();
+      expect(ps.config.general.name).toBe('teststation');
+    });
+
+    it('should initialize state object with default values', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      expect(ps.state).toEqual({ direction: '', netDownstream: 0, netUpstream: 0, seconds: 0 });
+    });
+
+    it('should initialize empty machines, stations, child, parent objects', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      expect(ps.machines).toEqual({});
+      expect(ps.stations).toEqual({});
+      expect(ps.child).toEqual({});
+      expect(ps.parent).toEqual({});
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('initBasinProperties()', () => {
+    it('should calculate surfaceArea = volume / height', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      // 50 / 5 = 10 m2
+      expect(ps.basin.surfaceArea).toBe(10);
+    });
+
+    it('should calculate maxVol = height * surfaceArea', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      // 5 * 10 = 50
+      expect(ps.basin.maxVol).toBe(50);
+    });
+
+    it('should calculate maxVolOverflow = heightOverflow * surfaceArea', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      // 4.0 * 10 = 40
+      expect(ps.basin.maxVolOverflow).toBe(40);
+    });
+
+    it('should calculate minVol = heightOutlet * surfaceArea', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      // 0.2 * 10 = 2
+      expect(ps.basin.minVol).toBeCloseTo(2, 5);
+    });
+
+    it('should calculate minVolOut = heightInlet * surfaceArea', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      // 0.3 * 10 = 3
+      expect(ps.basin.minVolOut).toBeCloseTo(3, 5);
+    });
+
+    it('should store the raw config values on basin', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      expect(ps.basin.volEmptyBasin).toBe(50);
+      expect(ps.basin.heightBasin).toBe(5);
+      expect(ps.basin.heightInlet).toBe(0.3);
+      expect(ps.basin.heightOutlet).toBe(0.2);
+      expect(ps.basin.heightOverflow).toBe(4.0);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('_calcVolumeFromLevel()', () => {
+    let ps;
+    beforeAll(() => { ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig()); });
+
+    it('should return level * surfaceArea', () => {
+      // surfaceArea = 10, level = 2 => 20
+      expect(ps._calcVolumeFromLevel(2)).toBe(20);
+    });
+
+    it('should return 0 for level = 0', () => {
+      expect(ps._calcVolumeFromLevel(0)).toBe(0);
+    });
+
+    it('should clamp negative levels to 0', () => {
+      expect(ps._calcVolumeFromLevel(-3)).toBe(0);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('_calcLevelFromVolume()', () => {
+    let ps;
+    beforeAll(() => { ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig()); });
+
+    it('should return volume / surfaceArea', () => {
+      // surfaceArea = 10, vol = 20 => 2
+      expect(ps._calcLevelFromVolume(20)).toBe(2);
+    });
+
+    it('should return 0 for volume = 0', () => {
+      expect(ps._calcLevelFromVolume(0)).toBe(0);
+    });
+
+    it('should clamp negative volumes to 0', () => {
+      expect(ps._calcLevelFromVolume(-10)).toBe(0);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('volume/level roundtrip', () => {
+    it('should roundtrip level -> volume -> level', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      const level = 2.7;
+      const vol = ps._calcVolumeFromLevel(level);
+      const levelBack = ps._calcLevelFromVolume(vol);
+      expect(levelBack).toBeCloseTo(level, 10);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('_calcDirection()', () => {
+    let ps;
+    beforeAll(() => { ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig()); });
+
+    it('should return "filling" for positive flow above threshold', () => {
+      expect(ps._calcDirection(0.01)).toBe('filling');
+    });
+
+    it('should return "draining" for negative flow below negative threshold', () => {
+      expect(ps._calcDirection(-0.01)).toBe('draining');
+    });
+
+    it('should return "stable" for flow near zero (within threshold)', () => {
+      expect(ps._calcDirection(0.0005)).toBe('stable');
+      expect(ps._calcDirection(-0.0005)).toBe('stable');
+      expect(ps._calcDirection(0)).toBe('stable');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('_callMeasurementHandler()', () => {
+    it('should not throw for flow and temperature measurement types', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      // flow and temperature handlers are empty stubs, safe to call
+      expect(() => ps._callMeasurementHandler('flow', 0.5, 'downstream', {})).not.toThrow();
+      expect(() => ps._callMeasurementHandler('temperature', 15, 'atEquipment', {})).not.toThrow();
+    });
+
+    it('should dispatch to the correct handler based on measurement type', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      // Verify the switch dispatches by checking it does not warn for known types
+      // pressure handler stores values and attempts coolprop calculation
+      // level handler stores values and computes volume
+      // We verify the dispatch logic by calling with type and checking no unhandled error
+      const spy = jest.spyOn(ps, 'updateMeasuredFlow');
+      ps._callMeasurementHandler('flow', 0.5, 'downstream', {});
+      expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(0.5, 'downstream', {});
+      spy.mockRestore();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('getOutput()', () => {
+    it('should return an object containing state and basin', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      const out = ps.getOutput();
+      expect(out).toHaveProperty('state');
+      expect(out).toHaveProperty('basin');
+      expect(out.state).toBe(ps.state);
+      expect(out.basin).toBe(ps.basin);
+    });
+
+    it('should include measurement keys in the output', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      const out = ps.getOutput();
+      // After initialization the predicted volume is set
+      expect(typeof out).toBe('object');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('_calcRemainingTime()', () => {
+    it('should not throw when called with a level and variant', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      // Should not throw even with no measurement data; it will just find null diffs
+      expect(() => ps._calcRemainingTime(2, 'predicted')).not.toThrow();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('tick()', () => {
+    it('should call _updateVolumePrediction and _calcNetFlow', () => {
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(makeConfig());
+      const spyVol = jest.spyOn(ps, '_updateVolumePrediction');
+      const spyNet = jest.spyOn(ps, '_calcNetFlow');
+      // stub _calcRemainingTime to avoid needing full measurement data
+      ps._calcRemainingTime = jest.fn();
+      ps.tick();
+      expect(spyVol).toHaveBeenCalledWith('out');
+      expect(spyVol).toHaveBeenCalledWith('in');
+      expect(spyNet).toHaveBeenCalled();
+      spyVol.mockRestore();
+      spyNet.mockRestore();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('edge cases', () => {
+    it('should handle basin with zero height gracefully', () => {
+      // surfaceArea = volume / height => division by 0 gives Infinity
+      const config = makeConfig({ basin: { volume: 50, height: 0, heightInlet: 0, heightOutlet: 0, heightOverflow: 0 } });
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(config);
+      expect(ps.basin.surfaceArea).toBe(Infinity);
+    });
+
+    it('should handle basin with very small dimensions', () => {
+      const config = makeConfig({ basin: { volume: 0.001, height: 0.001, heightInlet: 0, heightOutlet: 0, heightOverflow: 0.0005 } });
+      const ps = new PumpingStation(config);
+      expect(ps.basin.surfaceArea).toBeCloseTo(1, 5);
+    });
+  });
+});